NASA Astronaut Anne McClain on the Future of Spacecraft Design and Piloting

NASA astronaut Anne McClain, a veteran of the International Space Station (ISS) with 203 days in orbit and two spacewalks, has been selected for the upcoming Artemis missions. As the space industry evolves with next-generation spacecraft, McClain shares her insights on piloting innovations and the challenges of modern spaceflight.

From Soyuz to Next-Gen Spacecraft

Lt. Col. McClain’s ISS mission (December 2018–June 2019) involved traveling aboard Russia’s Soyuz capsules—a reliable but aging spacecraft. The Artemis program, however, will utilize cutting-edge vehicles like SpaceX’s Dragon and Boeing’s Starliner. Though she didn’t pilot a Dragon, McClain inspected one docked at the ISS.

“Flying the Soyuz was like handling a piece of history,” she said. “But when I explored the Dragon during DM-1, the difference was striking—its advanced interfaces resemble a commercial airliner.”

The Rise of Touchscreen Controls

Astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken, the first to pilot SpaceX’s Crew Dragon, noted its reliance on touchscreens—a departure from traditional manual controls. McClain emphasized the complexity of developing fail-safe software for human spaceflight.

“Modern spacecraft are software-heavy, with touchscreens replacing physical valves. But ensuring software reliability is incredibly challenging,” she explained. “We constantly evaluate when automation is appropriate versus when human intervention is necessary.”

Key Challenges in Spacecraft Design:

  • Software Reliability: Balancing automation with human oversight
  • Flexibility: Ensuring systems adapt to unforeseen scenarios
  • Safety Testing: Rigorous validation for life-critical operations

Collaboration with Private Space Companies

McClain worked closely with SpaceX during Dragon’s development, praising its cockpit design. She also highlighted NASA’s thorough partnership process with companies like Blue Origin and Lockheed Martin.

“While Blue Origin is new, its teams include veterans from the shuttle and ISS programs,” she noted. “NASA’s rigorous review process ensures safety before astronauts ever board.”

Technology’s Role in Astronaut Well-Being

Beyond spacecraft controls, McClain stressed how modern tech—like video calls—supports mental health during long missions.

“Staying connected with loved ones is vital, whether you’re in space or on Earth,” she said. “Video calls aren’t just convenient—they’re essential for psychological resilience on six- to twelve-month missions.”

The Artemis Mission Team

McClain is among 18 astronauts selected for NASA’s Artemis program, which aims to return humans to the Moon. Meet the full team here.

As spacecraft evolve, McClain’s experience bridges the gap between legacy systems and the future of space exploration—where advanced tech meets human ingenuity.


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